Payroll year-end in Thailand: PND 1 Kor, 50 Tawi certificates and employee tax reconciliation for 2026

Closing the 2026 payroll year in Thailand produces three linked outputs: the PND 1 Kor annual withholding summary, a 50 Tawi certificate for every employee and a reconciliation of each employee's tax position. The second is a 50 Tawi certificate for every employee.

A summary filed in February can only be as accurate as the monthly records behind it.

Key takeaways

About the Author

Settlr Global's payroll and tax team in Bangkok prepared this guide. The team works under Managing Director Gagan Ajmani, who has 15+ years of regional experience across Southeast Asia, and it runs monthly PND 1 computation, e-filing and social security filings for payroll clients in Thailand.

PND 1 Kor: the annual withholding summary and year-end anchor

PND 1 Kor is the employer's annual withholding summary. It lists each employee with the income paid during the year and the income tax withheld, so every other year-end document has to match it.

The annual summary sits on top of the monthly return. The Revenue Department publishes the monthly Withholding Income Tax Return (P.N.D.1) and its attachment on its withholding tax page.

Each employee's annual figure should equal the sum of that employee's twelve monthly lines. When it does not, the difference often traces to one of three causes: a payment processed outside payroll, a missed monthly filing or a correction made in the payroll file that was never filed.

A company should confirm that every monthly PND 1 for 2026 was filed and paid before December payroll closes. The Thailand Tax Calendar 2026 lists the monthly and annual dates in one place.

Year-end deadlines for the 2026 tax year

The monthly returns feed a short sequence of year-end deadlines. All of them fall in the first quarter after the tax year closes.

Certificates go out before the summary is filed, so the reconciliation generally needs to be finished in January. You should treat mid-February as the working deadline for the whole package, because the certificates and PND 1 Kor draw on the same figures.

The 50 Tawi withholding tax certificate

The 50 Tawi is the withholding tax certificate in Thailand that carries the employer's year-end figures to each employee. For salary income, it reports the employee's total income, the tax withheld and social security contributions for the year[4].

The timing differs for other income types subject to withholding, such as service fees[2].

The certificate is the employer's document. Employees generally rely on it to complete their personal income tax return, which is due by the last day of March following the tax year.

The social security figure on the certificate should agree with Social Security Office records. The employer and the employee each contribute a matching percentage of wages up to the ceiling[5].

Before releasing final versions, issue draft certificates internally. Then check names and tax identification numbers against HR records.

Employee tax reconciliation before filing

Reconciliation is the step that makes the certificates and PND 1 Kor safe to issue, and it is needed because monthly withholding is an estimate.

Each month, payroll projects the employee's annual income from current pay and withholds a share of the projected annual tax. A December bonus, a mid-year raise or a July joiner changes the real annual figure after several months of withholding have already been calculated on the old projection.

The employee's year-end position can be expressed as a formula:

Tax balance for the year = tax on net taxable income for the year minus total tax withheld on the 50 Tawi

According to the Revenue Department, Thailand's personal income tax is progressive, with a maximum rate of 35 percent[6]. A large bonus can push part of an employee's income into a higher bracket that the monthly projection did not account for.

For quick checks on individual employees, the Payroll Tax Calculator gives a planning estimate of monthly withholding. Matching the ledger to payroll can also be built into month-end close through accounting and tax services, which reduces the January workload.

Common year-end payroll errors

The reconciliation steps above tend to surface the same problems, and each one has a specific fix.

A useful practice is to run the ledger-to-PND 1 match every month. A mismatch then becomes a one-month correction instead of a twelve-month search.

Year-end filings under an employer of record or PEO in Thailand

Overseas companies that hire without a Thai entity face the same obligations. The party that files them depends on who is the legal employer.

Under an employer of record in Thailand, the EOR employs staff through its own Thai company. Withholding returns, certificates and social security filings generally sit with the EOR. Some providers call the same model a PEO in Thailand, so a useful question for any provider is which company's name and tax ID will appear on PND 1 Kor.

Payroll outsourcing in Thailand works differently. The client company stays the employer and the filer, and the provider prepares the calculations and submissions.

Overseas companies can use Settlr Global's Employer of Record service in Thailand, where Settlr Global is the legal employer under its Thai company. Pricing starts at THB 8,999 per employee per month for a local hire or THB 10,999 for an expat hire, and the first hire takes about 2 days. Companies with their own entity can use payroll outsourcing, which covers PND 1 computation and e-filing, social security and itemized payslips.

Before December, you should confirm in writing who signs and submits PND 1 Kor and who issues the 50 Tawi certificates.

Frequently asked questions

When is PND 1 Kor due for the 2026 tax year?

PND 1 Kor is due by the end of February of the following year and must be filed electronically unless the employer attaches a letter explaining why it cannot. The online extension to March 8 covers only returns due up to 31 January 2027, so it does not reach the 2026 return unless the Ministry of Finance renews it[1].

Does every employee need a 50 Tawi certificate?

Employees paid salary through payroll generally receive one by 15 February, or within 1 month of termination if they left during the year[2]. They use it to complete their personal income tax return.

Do foreign employees receive a 50 Tawi?

Foreign employees paid through Thai payroll have tax withheld on the monthly PND 1[7]. They generally receive a 50 Tawi on the same timeline as Thai staff.

Why can an employee owe tax after a full year of withholding?

Monthly withholding is based on a projection. Bonuses, pay changes and deductions the employee did not report to the employer can change the final figure. Any balance is settled on the employee's return by the last day of March.

What should you do if PND 1 Kor does not match the monthly returns?

Find the employee and month behind the difference and correct the monthly filing with the Revenue Department. Then rebuild the annual summary from the corrected figures.

Who issues the 50 Tawi under an employer of record?

The legal employer issues it. Under an EOR arrangement, that is generally the EOR's Thai company and not the overseas client.

About Settlr Global

Settlr Global is the operating arm of WOWS Global, a Singapore-incorporated corporate advisory and investment banking group, and an all-in-one platform for company setup, accounting and tax, payroll, visas and Employer of Record in Thailand. It brings those services under a single team, so founders do not have to coordinate separate local agencies. The platform has processed payroll and compliance work for 200+ clients across 15+ countries, from early-stage startups to established multinational enterprises. Its Employer of Record service lets companies hire in Thailand in about two days, with or without a local entity.

To plan your 2026 payroll year-end with one Bangkok team, contact Settlr Global at settlrglobal.com.

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